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Desafios pós Kyoto
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Challenges after Kyoto
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WITH BRAZILIAN To the FRONT, WORLD STARTS TO NEGOTIATE NEW AGREEMENT AGAINST EMISSIONS

CLAUDE ANGELO
Editor de Ciência of the Leaf of S.Paulo

Começam in this monday in Thailand, with a Brazilian to the front, the negotiations of the new destined agreement to reduce the emissions gase-greenhouse emissions, protecting the Land of the worse effect of the global heating.

Diplomats of 190 countries and the European Union if congregate in Bancoc during this week to debate a plan of action that leads, in 2009, to the climatic treated one that will substitute and extend the goals of the Protocol of Kyoto from 2013 (Kyoto is successful in 2012).

This is the first meeting of the Convention of the Climate of United Nations after the passed year, when a historical agreement was approved in Bali (Indonesia) to launch the negotiations for the agreement after-2012.

The call Map of the Way of Bali, an action rough draft immediate, establishes that unobligated countries today to cut emissions, as the giants of the Third World, must adopt measurable commitments “, reported and verifiable” to act in the climate. It puts these countries and U.S.A. in a “track” of different negotiation of the one of the Protocol of Kyoto, but he compels the United States to adopt action “equivalents” to the ones of the 37 industrialized countries that continue negotiating more ambitious goals under the “track” of the protocol.

The Map of the Way also establishes the four axles of the new agreement: global goals for reduction of emissions --the point most controversial, that was of is of the decision of Bali--, adaptation to the climatic change, financing to the developing countries and technology transfer.

“In Bancoc we go to establish the program of work of the new process, but also to start immediately the debates around the points identified in the plan of action of Bali”, said to the Leaf the Brazilian diplomat Luiz Alberto Figueiredo Machado.

Hot or cold

Figueiredo is the president of the group that negotiates the agreement after-2012. On the ability politics of the minister of the Itamaraty the future next to the process depends in part.

If it to only behave as it orders the figurino, the meeting of Bancoc --e the ones that will come after that in this year-- it will define only bureaucratic cronogramas and other questions. This would place all at risk the negotiation, since the subjects that are in the table are complex and the champion countries of emissions are divided on them. An impasse in 2008 can delay the process the point to hinder an agreement in 2009 --critical stated period so that it starts to invigorate in 2013.

The Brazilian, however, has haste. Its plan is to start since already rascunhar the text of the new agreement, treating first to the subjects less controversial (technology transfer, adaptation and financing).

The main difficulty is of always: como distribuir o sacrifício. The European Union wants a goal of 25% cut 40% of the emissions up to 2020 (in relation to the 1990 levels). Japan wants to establish not national goals, but for sector of the economy. U.S.A., emitting greaters of the world, resists the obligator national goals while China and India not to adopt them. For the secretary-executive of the Convention of the Climate, Yvo de Boer, this “are not realistic”. “The historical responsibility for the problem is of the industrial nations”, affirmed.

April 5, 2008 | 8:35 PM Comments  0 comments

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