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Biocombustiveis
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Biocombustiveis
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Projections

Exist, really, an euphoria on the part of the Brazilian government in relation to the production of biocombustíveis in the country. This fact is seen as a chance to attract investments, to create jobs, to generate income and shares for the country.
The plan of the government is that the production reaches 85 billion liters so that the consumption of etanol substitutes 5% of the gasoline consumption in the world.
This possibility was visualized due to known search for clean fuels to substitute the derivatives of the oil.

Impediments

biodiesel and etanol are considered clean, therefore carbonic gas parcel the launched in the atmosphere, when burnt, they are absorbed by the plants in its process of growth. However, the carbonic gas is not produced only in the process of burning of the fuel, is part of the conventional treatment of the sugar cane, the burning, increasing its productivity and facilitating to its manual harvest [1], without speaking in the residues of the production of this fuel, vinhoto, that it can be used as fertilizing, but can cause mainly on damages the water, more necessarily the freáticos sheets. What it becomes this type of energy not so clean as its defenders they define it.
Moreover, the advance of the culture of the sugar cane-of-sugar can cause a reduction in the food production in the country, for to be more lucrative its production in the areas where the foods or for dislocating these productions for more distant were cultivated of the consumers, having that to be carried by a bigger distance, encarecendo or for scarcity or the aggregation of the transport cost. Making it difficult that poor people can consume basic foods for its sustenance increasing the problem of the hunger.
The third argument against the expansion of the sugar cane culture is the direct and indirect deforestation of the areas of native vegetation.
The deforestation is direct when the culture of the sugar cane substitutes a forest, what it is evidenced in many states of the legal Amazônia.
The indirect one happens for the increase of the speculation of the land raising its price, making with that he is advantageous farmers to venderem its lands and if to dislocate for other areas, transferring its activities (cattle, cereals, etc) to regions of native vegetation.

Solution?

Although as many negative points I see the biocombustiveis as a good initiative. However I do not see the sugar cane-of-sugar as the best option for its production. In Brazil we have other varieties of plants that can be used for the manufacture of this product and that they can coexist other cultures without causing as many impacts as the sugar cane. An example of this is the Dendê and the palm of Babaçu, that are oleaginosas plants, that is, that if it can produce oil of its fruits, of which can be made biocombustivel. As these species were said previously can be cultivated associates with others, that is, she is not necessary to finish with the existing culture already so that production of the oil acts, not having the necessity to transfer to the culture to other areas provoking new deforestations or to finish with subsistence cultures as the beans, functioning as a complement of income for the those people. Even though the cattle can coexist this culture since it does not occupy the totality of the land. Thus the deforestation of new areas with a weapon can be assured the food production and be prevented that the nature if occupied in constructing: Biodiversity!

Challenge

a paradoxical question if presents in this context of production of biocombustivel. Brazil wants to become a great exporter of energy, however it has faced a serious crisis in this sector having been able to pass for difficulty of supplying of energy due the lack of investment in infrastructure in the energy sector. Unhappyly the production of energy in Brazil follows the exógeno character of the Brazilian economy, that is, continues producing to take care of the necessities of other nations that belong to the center of the world-wide economy as it made when it was colony of Portugal, forgetting themselves its proper necessities. When in them we will exempt of this mentality of province subserviente?



[1] Although the conditions of work imposed by the owners of canaviais its employees, the man power use human being instead of maquinário represents generation of income for agricultural workers, who depend on this type of work to survive, due to professional qualification to occupy another rank of work. A diferença de condições trabalhistas entre o trabalhador rural e o urbano é uma questão delicada no Brasil, que deveria entrar na discussão sobre biocombustiveis.

March 18, 2008 | 11:23 AM Comments  0 comments

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